Russell was the first capital of New Zealand and lies across the Bay from Waitangi where the famous treaty was signed with the Maoris in the 18th Century. Nowadays Russell remains a peaceful waterfront village, approached either by a five-minute car ferry from Opua or the passenger ferry from Paihia. Russell is sub-tropical with summer temperatures into the 30°C, winter temperatures only fall to around 9°C or 10°C. The Bay of Islands boasts 144 Islands and many secluded bays it is one of the finest maritime parks in New Zealand. There is an abundance of marine life, including whales, penguins, dolphins, gannets the famous blue and black marlin. The Bay offers many activities to choose from; sailing, diving, hiking, sky diving, jet boating, beaches, dolphin excursions, golf, fishing charters, fine harvested local food, wine, arts and crafts, Cape Reinga, Ninety Mile Beach and cruising to the Hole in the Rock. Russell: Russell Kororareka is a small, historic seaside village on a peninsula in the eastern Bay of Islands. Since the 1700s it has provided a haven for visitors, offering shelter and hospitality. Because of its relatively remote location it retains an island quality and a charm that reflects the tranquility of earlier times, where a sense of that history and heritage are treasured. Despite this, it is a vibrant, cosmopolitan community that attracts visitors from New Zealand and all over the world - some of whom have chosen to make Russell their home. Its sense of community is evident from the pride in supporting its local school, the number of volunteers that help out with a wide range of activities from sport through to manning of local clubs. Visitors will quickly discover that this community is a special place that welcomes all comers and makes them feel at home and still keeps its village flavour. The settlement, nestled between green headlands, shows signs of its past in street names and building styles. The wharf, built originally in 1879 is still the main route into the town. Before road access was put through in the 1930s visiting steamers tied up here as they brought supplies and travellers. Buildings line the waterfront still - many historic like the Duke of Marlborough hotel (the 4th on the site) and the Victorian Gothic Customhouse (now our police station). At the south end of the waterfront sits Pompallier House, site of the first Roman Catholic Mission to New Zealand. Established in 1842 it is now restored to its original French Lyonnaise style, the only one of its type in the country. Leather making, printing and bookbinding can be seen once again. One street inland Pompallier's "rival" the Anglican Christ Church is the oldest existing church in New Zealand and has also been restored - except for the musket ball holes in the old weatherboards, visible reminder of the fierce fighting near the church during the 1845 Battle of Kororareka. Above the town on Maiki (the high place) Hill stands a flagstaff, originally the symbol of British authority and cause of conflict between Maori and the British which led to 1845's battle. It flies New Zealand's original flag twelve days a year. Settlement has spread during the twentieth century to the outskirts of the town - Long beach/Oneroa, Matauwhi, Tapeka, Te Wahapu but on headlands, in valleys and on the coast evidence still exists of earlier Maori occupation. Paihia: Paihia is located just across the bay via a short passenger ferry ride, or 20 minutes by car ferry. There is an abundance of things to do morning or afternoon. Visit the local souvenir shops, restaurants and cafes. Helicopter rides, jet skis and other water based sports are available for the adrenaline junkies. The Waitangi Treaty Grounds: As the "Birthplace of the Nation", The Waitangi Treaty Grounds is New Zealand's most historic site, it is where the Treaty of Waitangi was signed between Maori Chiefs and the British Crown on February 6th, 1840. Spend the morning visiting the historic Treaty House or admiring one of the world's largest ceremonial waka (canoe). Illuminated at night, the beautiful Haruru falls are accessible by both road or via the pleasant walkway through the Waitangi national reserve. Kerikeri: Kerikeri is the arts and craft area of the BAY OF ISLANDS and has both historical and natural attractions. With an abundance of shopping, orchards, vineyards, and restaurants Kerikeri has a relaxed atmosphere and caf culture. It was recently voted the best small town in NEW ZEALAND. Kerikeri means to dig and the fertile soils that the Maoris once used to grow kumara now produce vegetables and citrus fruits. Activities: Russell's historic township and once the colonial capital of New Zealand The Waitangi Treaty House Russell Museum Flagstaff walk Pompallier House Christ Church - The Oldest Church in New Zealand Boat cruises around the Bay of Islands and through the 'Hole in the Rock' Big game fishing in the outer waters of the Bay of Islands The Okiato-Opua car ferry Kayaking in the sheltered waters of the harbour R Tucker Thompson tall sailing ship which cruises the islands Paihia, just a short boat trip across the bay Opua to Paihia Coastal walk Walkway from Rawhiti to the historic whaling station (now closed) at Whangamumu Orongo Bay oyster farms Walkway to Cape Brett Lighthouse Sport fishing Sunset cruising Sunday markets at Kerikeri - 45 minutes north Native forests and glow-worm caves Water-sports, diving, snorkelling and surfing Yachting and twilight sailing (seasonal)